Lexical Analysis - Device Driver & Compiler Design Source Code in C

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Home » C Home » Device Driver & Compiler Design Home » Lexical Analysis

A D V E R T I S E M E N T

Title	Lexical Analysis
Author	Darshana Kapadia
Author Email	darshana_kapadia [at] yahoo.com
Description	Using case switches its more easier to perform Lexical Analysis Program.
Category	C » Device Driver & Compiler Design
Hits	412637
Code	Select and Copy the Code
/* Program on lexical analysis / #include<stdio.h> #include<conio.h> #define MAX 30 void main() { char str[MAX]; int state=0; int i=0, j, startid=0, endid, startcon, endcon; clrscr(); for(j=0; j<MAX; j++) str[j]=NULL; //Initialise NULL printf(" Program on Lexical Analysis "); printf(" Enter the string: "); gets(str); //Accept input string str[strlen(str)]=' '; printf(" Analysis: "); while(str[i]!=NULL) { while(str[i]==' ') //To eliminate spaces i++; switch(state) { case 0: if(str[i]=='i') state=1; //if else if(str[i]=='w') state=3; //while else if(str[i]=='d') state=8; //do else if(str[i]=='e') state=10; //else else if(str[i]=='f') state=14; //for else if(isalpha(str[i]) \|\| str[i]=='_') { state=17; startid=i; } //identifiers else if(str[i]=='<') state=19; //relational '<' or '<=' else if(str[i]=='>') state=21; //relational '>' or '>=' else if(str[i]=='=') state=23; //relational '==' or assignment '=' else if(isdigit(str[i])) { state=25; startcon=i; } //constant else if(str[i]=='(') state=26; //special characters '(' else if(str[i]==')') state=27; //special characters ')' else if(str[i]==';') state=28; //special characters ';' else if(str[i]=='+') state=29; //operator '+' else if(str[i]=='-') state=30; //operator '-' break; //States for 'if' case 1: if(str[i]=='f') state=2; else { state=17; startid=i-1; i--; } break; case 2: if(str[i]=='(' \|\| str[i]==NULL) { printf(" if : Keyword"); state=0; i--; } else { state=17; startid=i-2; i--; } break; //States for 'while' case 3: if(str[i]=='h') state=4; else { state=17; startid=i-1; i--; } break; case 4: if(str[i]=='i') state=5; else { state=17; startid=i-2; i--; } break; case 5: if(str[i]=='l') state=6; else { state=17; startid=i-3; i--; } break; case 6: if(str[i]=='e') state=7; else { state=17; startid=i-4; i--; } break; case 7: if(str[i]=='(' \|\| str[i]==NULL) { printf(" while : Keyword"); state=0; i--; } else { state=17; startid=i-5; i--; } break; //States for 'do' case 8: if(str[i]=='o') state=9; else { state=17; startid=i-1; i--; } break; case 9: if(str[i]=='{' \|\| str[i]==' ' \|\| str[i]==NULL \|\| str[i]=='(') { printf(" do : Keyword"); state=0; i--; } break; //States for 'else' case 10: if(str[i]=='l') state=11; else { state=17; startid=i-1; i--; } break; case 11: if(str[i]=='s') state=12; else { state=17; startid=i-2; i--; } break; case 12: if(str[i]=='e') state=13; else { state=17; startid=i-3; i--; } break; case 13: if(str[i]=='{' \|\| str[i]==NULL) { printf(" else : Keyword"); state=0; i--; } else { state=17; startid=i-4; i--; } break; //States for 'for' case 14: if(str[i]=='o') state=15; else { state=17; startid=i-1; i--; } break; case 15: if(str[i]=='r') state=16; else { state=17; startid=i-2; i--; } break; case 16: if(str[i]=='(' \|\| str[i]==NULL) { printf(" for : Keyword"); state=0; i--; } else { state=17; startid=i-3; i--; } break; //States for identifiers case 17: if(isalnum(str[i]) \|\| str[i]=='_') { state=18; i++; } else if(str[i]==NULL\|\|str[i]=='<'\|\|str[i]=='>'\|\|str[i]=='('\|\|str[i]==')'\|\|str[i]==';'\|\|str[i]=='='\|\|str[i]=='+'\|\|str[i]=='-') state=18; i--; break; case 18: if(str[i]==NULL \|\| str[i]=='<' \|\| str[i]=='>' \|\| str[i]=='(' \|\| str[i]==')' \|\| str[i]==';' \|\| str[i]=='=' \|\| str[i]=='+' \|\|str[i]=='-') { endid=i-1; printf(" "); for(j=startid; j<=endid; j++) printf("%c", str[j]); printf(" : Identifier"); state=0; i--; } break; //States for relational operator '<' & '<=' case 19: if(str[i]=='=') state=20; else if(isalnum(str[i]) \|\| str[i]=='_') { printf(" < : Relational operator"); i--; state=0; } break; case 20: if(isalnum(str[i]) \|\| str[i]=='_') { printf(" <= : Relational operator"); i--; state=0; } break; //States for relational operator '>' & '>=' case 21: if(str[i]=='=') state=22; else if(isalnum(str[i]) \|\| str[i]=='_') { printf(" > : Relational operator"); i--; state=0; } break; case 22: if(isalnum(str[i]) \|\| str[i]=='_') { printf(" >= : Relational operator"); i--; state=0; } break; //States for relational operator '==' & assignment operator '=' case 23: if(str[i]=='=') state=24; else { printf(" = : Assignment operator"); i--; state=0; } break; case 24: if(isalnum(str[i])) { printf(" == : Relational operator"); state=0; i--; } break; //States for constants case 25: if(isalpha(str[i])) { printf(" ERROR * "); puts(str); for(j=0; j<i; j++) printf(" "); printf("^"); printf(" Error at position %d Alphabet cannot follow digit", i); state=99; } else if(str[i]=='(' \|\| str[i]==')' \|\| str[i]=='<' \|\| str[i]=='>' \|\| str[i]==NULL \|\| str[i]==';' \|\| str[i]=='=') { endcon=i-1; printf(" "); for(j=startcon; j<=endcon; j++) printf("%c", str[j]); printf(" : Constant"); state=0; i--; } break; //State for special character '(' case 26: printf(" ( : Special character"); startid=i; state=0; i--; break; //State for special character ')' case 27: printf(" ) : Special character"); state=0; i--; break; //State for special character ';' case 28: printf(" ; : Special character"); state=0; i--; break; //State for operator '+' case 29: printf(" + : Operator"); state=0; i--; break; //State for operator '-' case 30: printf(" + : Operator"); state=0; i--; break; //Error State case 99: goto END; } i++; } printf(" End of program"); END: getch(); } /* Output Correct input ------------- * Program on Lexical Analysis * Enter the string: for(x1=0; x1<=10; x1++); Analysis: for : Keyword ( : Special character x1 : Identifier = : Assignment operator 0 : Constant ; : Special character x1 : Identifier <= : Relational operator 10 : Constant ; : Special character x1 : Identifier + : Operator + : Operator ) : Special character ; : Special character End of program Wrong input ----------- * Program on Lexical Analysis * Enter the string: for(x1=0; x1<=19x; x++); Analysis: for : Keyword ( : Special character x1 : Identifier = : Assignment operator 0 : Constant ; : Special character x1 : Identifier <= : Relational operator Token cannot be generated */

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